Jacquard for looms for weaving brussels carpets and like fabrics



March 17, 1931. ran- 1,797,069

JACQUARD FOR LOOMS FOR WEAVIING BRUSSELS CARPETS AND LIKEF'ABRICS Filed Dec. 26. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l March 17, 1931. R. BRITTON 1,797,059

JACQUARD FOR LOOMS FOR WEAVING BRUSSELS CARPETS AND LIKE FABRICS Filed Dec. 26. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 17, 1931 UNITED STATES Rosana: BRIT'IO'N, or HALIFAX, ENGLAND JACQUARD FOR LOOM$ FOR WEAVING BRUSSELS CARPETS AND LIKE FABRICS Application filed December 26, 1929, Serial No. 416,620, and in Great Britain December 28, 1928.

The invention relates to acquards for the weaving of Brussels carpets and like fabrics, and it has for one of its principal objects to arovide a construction in which it will not 5 be possible, at any time, to raise more than one warp thread in any one dent of the reed or slay.

In jacquards of the construction hitherto employed it sometimes occurs that a pattern 10 card will become dislodged or partly dislodged from the, pins or pegs of the card barrel, with the result that blank spaces on the card may be presented opposite a number of or the whole of the selector needles and un- 15 wanted warp threads thus be raised. The

same trouble may arise if the holes in the card, in which the pins or pegs on the card barrel fit, should become worn.

In some constructions of looms, weaving certain classes of fabrics, it is very difficult to correct errors in the fabric occasioned by an occurrence such as above. referred to,and

it is extremely desirable that the possibility or of such an occurrence shall beavoided. In

a. device according to my invention the trouble referred to is eliminated, as it is only possible to lift one thread in a dent at onetime.

Another object .of the invention is to enable the size of the pattern cards required for the weaving of a Brussels carpet or like fabric to be reduced in length and thickness or to enable the use of pattern cards to be dispensed with and apaper or like strip, which may be continuous, to be substituted.

It is known in a jacquard to provide a series of vertically sliding needles adapted to be positioned opposite horizontal selector needles and, according to the selection ofthe pattern surface, to control the raising and lowering of the harness cords.

A device according to'the invention is characterized in that each of a series of vertically movable parts or needles, adapted to be positioned by a pattern surface, is arranged to operate a needle in any one of a plurality of horizontal rows of horizontal needles, so that each vertically movable needle may operate any one'of the needles in a corresponding vertical r0w,.but cannot operate more than one of such needles.

In the case, say, of a jacquard for a fiveframe Brussels carpet, each vertically movable needle is arranged to operate a horizontal needle in anyone of four rows. This, obviously, enables the pattern card or surface to be reduced considerably in size as compared with devices in which each vertically movable needle is only adapted to operate'on a horizontal needle in a single given row. I k

In the accompanying drawing,

Fig. l is a sectional end elevation; and

Fig. 2 a plan view of the relevant portions of a jacquard according to the invention, as arranged for a five-frame Brussels carpet;

F 3 is a view corresponding to Fig. 1, but 7 showing the parts in a different position, as afterwards explained;

Fig. 4 represents a portion of paper or like pattern strip for use withtlie form of vertically movable needle shown in Figs. 1 and'3;

Fig. 5 illustrates a modified form which the1 vertically movable needle might take; an

Fig. 6 shows a portion of paper or like pattern strip for use with the'form of vertically movable needle shown in Fig. 5.

Referring to the drawings, (1 represents a portion of a jacquard frame, 6 the usual perforated face plate; and c the usual horizontal warp thread actuating needles representing one step in the design.

A- frame (Z, movable towards and away from the face plate I) by any suitable means, not shown, is slotted to receive a pluralityof vertically movableparts or control needles 6, hereinafter termed needles, shown as taking the form of flat metal strips, there being one vertically movable needle for each vertical row of horizontal needles and each vertically movable needle having an abutment f adapted to operate any horizontal needle 0 of its row opposite which it may be positioned when the frame d makes an inwardmovement.

The drawings illustrate the application of the invention to a jacquard for weaving a five-frame Brussels or like carpet. Asus'ual,

the jacquard has eight horizontal rows of needles 0, the upper four corresponding to the top frame and the lower four to the bottom frame.

Alternate needles 6 have their abutments f so positioned as to co-operate respectively with the lower four and with the upper four needles 0 and each needle 6 has at its lower end four projections ee* of successively increasing length and preferably ofcircular section.

A cylinder g, rotatably carried by the frame (Z and provided with means of any suitable form, not shown, to step it around through an appropriate portion of a revolution at a determined point in each outward movement of the frame, has passed about it a paper or like strip h, or alternatively a se ries of connected cards. Each card, or each step'of thestrip has four rows of perforations IM-k, see Fig. 4, adapted to be positioned beneath the projections e-e of the vertical needles e.

Means are provided to lower the needles 6 on to the pattern surface at a determined point in each inward movement of the frame (Z and, according to the presence or absence of perforations in the presented pattern surface, so will a vertical needle either be prevented from dropping or will be allowed to drop one, two, three or four steps as the case may be. a

If no perforation is presented beneath the projection e of a needle 0, the needle does not drop but remains with its abutment f positioned opposite its respective horizontal needle c in the uppermost of four rows. If

a perforation is presented beneath the pro- 'ection a but not beneath the ro'ection e 7 the needle will drop one step and the abutment will be positioned opposite a secondrow horizontal needle. If perforations are presented beneath both pro ections e and but not beneath pro ections e, the abutment will be positioned opposite a-third-row hori ital needle. If perforations are preseined beneath pi o ections e G, and (2 but not beneath projection 6 the abutment will be positioned opposite afourth, or bottom, row horizontal needle, and if perforations are presented below all four projections the needle will drop four steps and be carried down clear of all the four rowsv of horizontal needles.

I It will thus be seen that in accordance with the indications of the pattern surface each vertical needle may operate a needle in any one of four rows of horizontal needles or may leaveall .four rows unoperated, but it can only operate one of these needles, consequently only one warp thread in each reed dent can at any time be raised.

1 Qbviously, if preferred, the uppermost or unlowered position of a vertical needle may cause its abutment to be so positioned that no horizontal needle will be engaged, and the four steps of drop of the needle correspond to positioning of the abutment opposite the successive corresponding rows of horizontal needles.

In place of providing each vertical needle with four projections of varying length as shown and providing each card or step of the pattern surface with four rows of perforations, a vertical needle may, as shown in Fig. 5, have a series of shoulders jj* at its lower end and the card or pattern surface have perforations or slots 7s-7c of varying length, as shown in Fig. 6, to permit of dropping of the needle the distance of one, two or more shoulders as the case may be.

A convenient method of giving the required vertical movements to the vertical needles is to provide each needle with a horizontal pin or projection m adapted to be engaged by a longitudinal rod or roller 01. carried by arms such as 0 fast on a rock shaft p, to which movements are given by an arm 1', also fast on the shaft and provided with a roller 9" adapted to run on a fixed cam surface 8. This surface'will be appropriately shaped to permit the outward movement of the fr me (Z to first carry the vertical needles clear away from the horizontal needles, and then to raise all the vertical needles to top position clear of the pattern surface, in which position they are maintained during the time the pattern surface is being stepped around. During the inward movement of the frame (Z to carry the vertical needles towards the horizontal needles the bar or roller a permits the vertical needles to fall on to the pattern surface so that those selected may drop one, two or more steps as the case may be. The positioning of the vertical needles is completed an appropriate distance, or time before the frame d completes its inward movement, so that when in such movement the abutments of the vertical needles are carried into contact with the horizontal needles, the said abutments are not moving vertically.

t will be apparent that by varying the number of projections or shoulders on a vertically movable needle, with a corresponding variation in the number of rows of perforations or in the size of the perforations, provieed in each pattern card or each step of the pattern surface, a vertical needle may be made to serve for any desired number of rows of horizontal selector needles.

The apparatus lends itself to the use of pattern steps or cards of relatively short dimensions and thus enables the length of pattern surface or strip for a given pattern to be reduced very considerably as compared with the use of the ordinary cards and apparatus.

A further feature of advantage presented by the invent-ion is that it enables the pattern surface to be reversed or turned over side for side without necessitating any alteration to either the loo-1n or jacquard or in the preparation or stamping of the pattern. Say, for instance, that a givenpattern surface represents one edge or border of a fabric. Then the same pattern surface turned over or reversed will serve for the corresponding edge or border at the opposite side of the fabric. This, as will be seen, reduces the number of cards or extent of pattern surface required for the production of the fabric. The reason why this reversal is possible, as will be ap parent to those skilled in the art, is that by reducing the eight horizontal rows of needles to rows of four perforations or their equivalent slots in thepattern surface, the perforations or slots corresponding to eight needles appear on the pattern surface in two rows side by side instead of those corresponding to one four or group appearing above corresponding to the other four or group. The same thing applies, of course, to other numbers of horizontal needles which are always even in number and thus divisible into two equal parts or series. Thus for a six-frame fabric there would be ten horizontal needles divided into twoseries of five each co-operating with or capable of being operated by a vertical needle having five stepped projections or shoulders.

Although the means shown and described for giving vertical movements to the vertically movable needles constitute one good practical arrangement for the purpose, any other suitable means may be substituted.

The means whereby. the horizontal needles 0 actuate the warp threads have not been shown or described herein, since these may be of any usual construction, as will be understood by those skilled in the art of carpet weaving.

Apparatus according to the invention can be readily substituted for the ordinary swingin;- frame and card cylinder of a jacquard and may thus be removed and the ordinary apparatus and cards used when it is so desired.

Having thus described my invent-ion, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 2- 1. A jacquard comprising a plurality of rows of thread actuating needles, control needles therefor each having a portion to cooperate selectively, one at a time, with the actuating needles of the corresponding row in the different positions of said control needle, and pattern means for determining the position of the control needles. I

2. A jacquard according to claim 1 wherein the pattern means include a pattern member znovable step by step and having openings, the control needles having portions movable into said openings, said openings and last named portions being arranged and cooperable to stop the control needles in different F predetermined positions.

3. A jacquard according to claim 1 wherein the pattern means include a pattern member movable step by step and having openings, the control needles having portions movable into said openings, said openings and last named portions being arranged and cooperable tostop the control needles in different predetermined positions, and means for moving the control needles away from the pattern member to permit movement of said pattern member.

4. A jacquard comprising a plurality of rows of thread actuating needles, control nee dles therefor, said control and thread actuating needles being movable toward and away from one another, the control needles each having an abutment to contact selectively, one at a time, with the actuating needles of the corresponding row in the difierent positions of said control needle, a pattern memher for the contact of said control needles to determine the positions thereof, and means for moving tne control needles away from the pattern member when the actuating and control needles are moved away from one another and operableto permit the control needles to move into engagement with the pattern member when the actuating and control needles are moved toward one another.

5. A jacquard according to claim 4 wherein the pattern member has openings and'is movable step by step, the control needles having portions movable into said openings, said openings and last named portions being arranged and cooperable to stop the control needles in different predetermined positions.

6. A jacquard comprising a plurality of rows of thread actuating needles, a frame movable toward and away from said needles, control needles slidable in said frame and each having .an abutment to contact selectively, one at a time, with the actuating needles of the corresponding row in the different positions of the control needle, a pattern member movable with said frame and movable step by step, said pattern member having openings, the control needles having portions movable into said openings, said openings and last named portions being arranged and cooperable to stop the control needles in ditferent predetermined positions, a rock ROBERT BRITTON. 

